This paper presents the design, optimization, and analysis of a dual‑band F‑shaped microstrip antenna incorporating a Defected Ground Structure (DGS) for improved bandwidth and gain. The proposed antenna operates efficiently at 2.375 GHz and 5.325 GHz, offering reflection coefficients of −30.6 dB and −41.85 dB, respectively. The integration of a partial ground and optimized stubs enhances impedance bandwidth and return loss characteristics. Simulation results show impedance bandwidths of 270 MHz and 1.12 GHz, with respective gains of 2.3 dBi and 3.5 dBi, indicating suitability for WLAN and Wi‑Fi applications.
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*Corresponding Author: Jada Nageswara Rao, jadanageswararao@gmail.com
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Conflict of interest: The author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Publisher’s note: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
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