Double Band E-Shaped Slotted Microstrip Hexagonal Patch Antenna

Abstract

The design and analysis of a dual-band hexagonal microstrip patch antenna loaded with an E-shaped slot and a Hexagonal Defected Ground Structure (DGS) is proposed. The antenna is realized on a low-cost FR-4 epoxy substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. The radiating element comprises a hexagonal patch featuring modified edges and a central E-shaped slot. To implement the DGS, a hexagonal slot with a circumradius of 12.75 mm is introduced in the ground plane. Simulation results obtained using Ansys HFSS validate the antenna's operation at resonant frequencies of 4.025 GHz and 6.65 GHz, with bandwidths of 0.883 GHz (3.52–4.41 GHz) and 0.519 GHz (6.44–6.94 GHz), respectively. The proposed antenna reaches a maximum gain of 5.04 dBi at 6.65 GHz. Hence, the design is applicable to the current requirements of wireless communication.