IoT based Smart Helmet for Two Wheeler Accident Detection and Emergency Alert System Using ESP32 and Cloud SMS Integration

Abstract

This is an Internet of Things (IoT) based smart helmet system that is designed to improve the safety of two-wheeler riders with collision detection and an emergency alert system. The device uses ESP32 as the main controlling unit and an MPU6050 sensor module that has a three-axis accelerometer and gyroscope. The system continuously monitors motion and acceleration. If a sudden increase in acceleration beyond predefined threshold values is detected, it is considered as an accident. When an accident is detected, the system fetches the rider’s location using the NEO-6M GPS module and then sends the crash data to the backend server via an HTTP POST request over Wi-Fi. The request contains the crash data such as an alert message and GPS coordinates (Latitude and Longitude). The backend server has an API endpoint (/api/crash) that receives the POST requests from the ESP32. When a POST request is made, the backend receives the data and processes it. After receiving the crash information, the backend uses a cloud-based SMS services to send an SMS to pre-defined emergency contacts. The SMS consists of a short alert message paired with the coordinates and a Google Maps link generated from the coordinates received from the GPS module. This helps in locating the rider in case of an emergency. The proposed system is a prime example of the combined working of IoT-driven sensors, embedded processing and wireless communication, and thereby reducing the time for emergency response time and improving the overall road safety of the motorcycle/scooter operators.