Railway Track Fault Detection System by using Internet of Things

Abstract

Railway transportation plays a vital role in public and goods movement, but accidents caused by track faults remain a major safety concern. This paper presents an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Railway Track Fault Detection System designed to monitor and identify track irregularities in real time. The proposed system uses smart sensors such as vibration, ultrasonic, and temperature sensors to detect cracks, misalignments, or other structural defects on the railway track. The collected data is transmitted through wireless communication modules to a cloud-based platform for continuous monitoring and analysis. When a fault is detected, the system immediately alerts maintenance authorities via mobile or web notifications, enabling timely inspection and repair. The integration of IoT technology ensures high accuracy, low maintenance, and scalability, reducing manual inspection efforts and minimizing the risk of accidents. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system provides an efficient, cost-effective, and reliable solution for enhancing railway safety and operational efficiency.